What is Heartworm disease?
Heartworms are long spaghetti-like worms that live in dogs’ hearts. The disease caused by heartworm, called dirofilariasis, can be fatal. Fortunately, it is easy to prevent using monthly products that are readily available and easy to administer.
How Do Animals Become Infected with Heartworm?
Heartworm larvae are transmitted by mosquitoes and is temperature dependant. When an infected mosquito bites an animal, it injects larvae into the animal. These larvae migrate through the tissues and eventually reach the heart and large blood vessels, where they mature into adult worms. The adults reproduce, releasing more larvae into the bloodstream, which are then picked up by other mosquitoes, continuing the cycle of transmission. In Quebec, dogs should receive heartworm prevention from June to November.
What Are the Signs of Heartworm Infection?
The stress placed on the heart by the adult worms can lead to symptoms of heart disease or heart failure, including:
- Lethargy
- Exercise intolerance
- Coughing
- Loss of appetite
- Abdominal swelling (due to fluid accumulation)
Can Heartworm Infection Be Treated?
Heartworm infection can be treated, but serious potential side effects are possible. The treatment can be costly and involves multiple visits to the hospital. Prevention of heartworm disease is highly recommended due to the serious nature of the disease, and the complicated treatment process.
When Should I Start Preventive Treatment?
In Quebec, all dogs should receive a heartworm preventive medication from June to November. There are a variety of effective preventive products available, including chewable tablets, topical treatments, and injectable options. Your veterinarian will recommend the best preventive treatment for your dog based on their age, size, and health.
By starting preventive care early, you can protect your pet from the dangers of heartworm disease.
